Plastic Waste in Australia
32
Conclusion
Despite repeated promises from successive governments, Australia has a growing plastic
waste problem. So far,
the ‘circular economy’
has been touted as the cure-all solution. But
the plastic waste crisis is driven by ever increasing production and consumption, not the
perpetually underperforming plastic recycling industry. Only about 15% of all plastic waste
generated over the last 20 years has been recovered through recycling, composting or
energy recovery.
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These forms of plastic waste recovery have not kept pace with
consumption and waste because they are difficult and costly, and unlikely to ever match
current levels of plastic waste. The recycling process also sheds high levels of microplastics,
which is just one way that plastics create environmental and health issues. Given this, it is
hard to see the idea that Australia will recycle our way out of the plastics waste crisis as
anything more than greenwash. As environmental organisation
Break Free From Plastic
puts
it: “
We cannot recycle our way out of the plastic problem and companies that are claiming it
is the solution are simply avoiding making real change.
”
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The only way to effectively reduce plastic pollution is to drastically reduce the production
and consumption of plastics in the first place. Instead of a doubling the amount of waste we
produce we should aim to cut it by half. However, current policies do not include measures
to cap or phase down the production and consumption of plastics. A reduction in production
and consumption, similar to carbon reduction targets, could set the agenda for real action
on plastics waste.
Other solutions include extended corporate responsibility programs such as the one that
will soon be introduced in the UK, and a plastics tax similar to what the European Union is
looking to implement. The tax raised through these policies could be used as a source of
funding to solve many of these issues.
Like the rest of the world, Australia is a long way from eliminating the use of plastics. Even
reducing production and consumption to a level that it can all be effectively dealt with in a
truly circular economy seems like a distant utopia. What can be done in the interim? We
propose the following
‘360 ecology check’ to address the issues discussed in this report.
This
check would ensure that plastics are managed holistically, from production through to use
and disposal, and to put an end to claims about recycling that are misleading and ineffective
at dealing with the plastics waste problem. The 360 ecology check aims to ensure that
plastics and the systems for dealing with plastic when they become waste are:
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Recovered plastic as a portion of all plastic waste generated for years 2000 to 2020
–
21.
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Nation of Change (2020)
Coca-Cola leading plastic polluter worldwide for second year in a row,
https://www.nationofchange.org/2020/09/05/coca-cola-leading-plastic-polluter-worldwide-for-second-year-
in-a-row/